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  • Sleek and elegant, the head of this unfinished robot was constructed by the Symbiotic Intelligence Group of the Kitano Symbiotic Systems Project. It is funded by an ERATO grant from the Japan Science and Technology Corporation, a branch of the Science and Technology Agency of the Japanese government. SIG, as this robot is named, has a white outside shell designed by a project artist, group leader Hiroaki Kitano is a firm believer in the importance of aesthetics. Tokyo, Japan. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 80-81.
    Japan_JAP_rs_241_qxxs.jpg
  • Pino, short for Pinocchio (after the fabled wooden puppet that becomes a human boy), is a full-bodied, child-sized, humanoid robot. Even before it demonstrates the ability of a wide range of bipedal movements it already has a national following in Japan after the release of a music video called "Can You Keep a Secret" in which the robot stars alongside one of Japan's most popular recording artists, Hikaru Utada. It has elevated Tatsuya Matsui, the artist who created the robot design, to celebrity status. The robot project is part of a large ERATO grant from the Japan Science and Technology Corporation, a branch of the Science and Technology Agency of the Japanese government. Project creator Hiraoki Kitano believes that the aesthetics of a robot are important in order for it to be accepted by humans into their living space. At the Kitano Symbiotic Systems, Tokyo, Japan.
    Japan_Jap_rs_458_xs.jpg
  • Fans invited off a street in Tokyo's Harajuku area to meet Pino pose with the popular robot. Pino, short for Pinocchio (after the fabled wooden puppet that becomes a human boy), is a full-bodied, child-sized, humanoid robot. Even before it demonstrates the ability of a wide range of bipedal movements it already has a national following in Japan after the release of a music video called "Can You Keep a Secret" in which the robot stars alongside one of Japan's most popular recording artists, Hikaru Utada. It has elevated Tatsuya Matsui, the artist who created the robot design, to celebrity status and provoked murmurs of dissent by some in the robotics community who see the robot as a commercial entity rather than a serious research project. Interestingly, the robot project is part of a large ERATO grant from the Japan Science and Technology Corporation, a branch of the Science and Technology Agency of the Japanese government. Project creator Hiraoki Kitano  believes that the aesthetics of a robot are important in order for it to be accepted by humans into their living space. At the Kitano Symbiotic Systems, Tokyo, Japan.
    Japan_Jap_rs_451_xs.jpg
  • Fans invited off a street in Tokyo's Harajuku area to meet Pino pose with the popular robot. Pino, short for Pinocchio (after the fabled wooden puppet that becomes a human boy), is a full bodied, child-sized, humanoid robot. Even before it demonstrates the ability of a wide range of bipedal movements it already has a national following in Japan after the release of a music video called "Can You Keep a Secret" in which the robot stars alongside one of Japan's most popular recording artists, Hikaru Utada. It has elevated Tatsuya Matsui, the artist who created the robot design (seated at left), to celebrity status. Interestingly, the robot project is part of a large ERATO grant from the Japan Science and Technology Corporation, a branch of the Science and Technology Agency of the Japanese government. Project creator Hiraoki Kitano (standing with arms crossed) believes that the aesthetics of a robot are important in order for it to be accepted by humans into their living space. At the Kitano Symbiotic Systems, Tokyo, Japan.
    Japan_Jap_rs_453_xs.jpg
  • Peter Menzel at the Bradbury Science Museum, Los Alamos, NM. Displays of Manhatten Project that developed the world's first atomic bombs during WWII. MODEL RELEASED.
    USA_101002_307_x.jpg
  • Bradbury Science Museum, Los Alamos, NM. Displays of Manhatten Project that developed the world's first atomic bombs during WWII.
    USA_101002_274_x.jpg
  • Science Museum, London
    GBR_110219_23_x.jpg
  • At the Science Museum in Dallas, Texas, school children listen to a docent while watching the animated robot dinosaurs Tyrannosaurus Rex and Allosaurus (made by Dinamation International). Dinamation International, a California-based company, makes a collection of robotic dinosaurs. The dinosaurs are sent out in traveling displays to museums around the world. The dinosaur's robotic metal skeleton is covered by rigid fiberglass plates, over which is laid a flexible skin of urethane foam. The plates and skin are sculpted and painted to make the dinosaurs appear as realistic as possible. The creature's joints are operated by compressed air and the movements controlled by computer.
    USA_SCI_DINO_13_xs.jpg
  • A dinamation robotic model of an Apatosaurus (with the skin removed showing the metal skeleton) at the Dallas Science museum. A time exposure shows how the neck and head respond to joystick commands. Dinamation International, a California-based company, makes a collection of robotic dinosaurs. The dinosaurs are sent out in traveling displays to museums around the world. The dinosaur's robotic metal skeleton is covered by rigid fiberglass plates, over which is laid a flexible skin of urethane foam. The plates and skin are sculpted and painted to make the dinosaurs appear as realistic as possible. The creature's joints are operated by compressed air and the movements controlled by computer.
    USA_SCI_DINO_03_xs.jpg
  • A dinamation robotic model of an Apatosaurus (with the skin removed showing the metal skeleton) at the Dallas Science museum. A time exposure shows how the neck and head respond to joystick commands. Dinamation International, a California-based company, makes a collection of robotic dinosaurs. The dinosaurs are sent out in traveling displays to museums around the world. The dinosaur's robotic metal skeleton is covered by rigid fiberglass plates, over which is laid a flexible skin of urethane foam. The plates and skin are sculpted and painted to make the dinosaurs appear as realistic as possible. The creature's joints are operated by compressed air and the movements controlled by computer.
    USA_SCI_DINO_01_xs.jpg
  • Students in the laboratory of Professor Fumio Hara and Hiroshi Kobayashi at Science University of Tokyo work on their various robot projects, including the labs' first generation face robot. This three-dimensional human-like animated pneumatic face robot can recognize human facial expressions as well as produce realistic facial expressions in real time. The animated face robot, covered in latex "skin" is equipped with a CCD camera in the left eye and is able to collect facial image data that is used for on-line recognition of human facial expressions.
    Japan_Jap_rs_263_xs.jpg
  • Professor Fumio Hara of the Hara and Kobayashi Lab at Science University of Tokyo with his lab's first-generation robot head, without its skin. This three-dimensional human-like animated pneumatic face robot can recognize human facial expressions as well as produce realistic facial expressions in real time. The animated face robot, covered in latex "skin" is equipped with a CCD camera in the left eye and is able to collect facial image data that is used for on-line recognition of human facial expressions. (Draped in white veil by photographer.)
    Japan_Jap_rs_199_xs.jpg
  • After he removes its skin, Fumio Hara gets the once-over from a face robot in the lab he co-directs with Hiroshi Kobayashi at the Science University of Tokyo, Japan. The first of several face robots made in his lab, it has a CCD camera in its left eye that sends images to neural-network software that recognizes faces and their expressions. Calling upon its repertoire of programmed reactions, it activates the motors and pulleys beneath its flexible skin to produce facial expressions of its own. The project is relatively unusual in its focus, many researchers believe that making robots walk and manipulate objects is so difficult that facial expressions are not yet worth working on. Hara disagrees, arguing that robots with animated faces will communicate with humans much more easily. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 74-75.
    Japan_JAP_rs_4_qxxs.jpg
  • Medellin, Colombia. Hungry Planet exhibit at the Parque Explora Science Center.
    COL_150611_778.jpg
  • Medellin, Colombia. Hungry Planet exhibit at the Parque Explora Science Center.
    COL_150611_777.jpg
  • Peter Menzel at the Bradbury Science Museum, Los Alamos, NM. Displays of Manhatten Project that developed the world's first atomic bombs during WWII. MODEL RELEASED.
    USA_101002_302_x.jpg
  • Evan Menzel at the Bradbury Science Museum, Los Alamos, NM. Displays of Manhatten Project that developed the world's first atomic bombs during WWII. MODEL RELEASED.
    USA_101002_298_x.jpg
  • Bradbury Science Museum, Los Alamos, NM. Displays of Manhatten Project that developed the world's first atomic bombs during WWII.
    USA_101002_281_x.jpg
  • Bradbury Science Museum, Los Alamos, NM. Displays of Manhatten Project that developed the world's first atomic bombs during WWII.
    USA_101002_272_x.jpg
  • Bradbury Science Museum, Los Alamos, NM. Displays of Manhatten Project that developed the world's first atomic bombs during WWII.
    USA_101002_277_x.jpg
  • In a simulated bedroom complete with stuffed animals, tossed bedclothes, and a sleeping dummy victim, Robin R. Murphy of the University of South Florida keeps tabs on her marsupial robot; or, rather, robots. Developed to help search-and-rescue teams, the robots will work as a team. The larger "mother" is designed to roll into a disaster site. When it can go no farther, several "daughter" robots will emerge, marsupial fashion, from a cavity in its chest. The daughter robots will crawl on highly mobile tracks to look for survivors, feeding the mother robot images of what they see. Although the project is funded by the National Science Foundation and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Murphy's budget is hardly overwhelming. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 154-155.
    USA_rs_460_qxxs.jpg
  • A dinamation robotic model of an Apatosaurus (with the skin removed showing the metal skeleton) at the Dallas Science museum. A time exposure shows how the neck and head respond to joystick commands. Dinamation International, a California-based company, makes a collection of robotic dinosaurs. The dinosaurs are sent out in traveling displays to museums around the world. The dinosaur's robotic metal skeleton is covered by rigid fiberglass plates, over which is laid a flexible skin of urethane foam. The creature's joints are operated by compressed air and the movements controlled by computer.
    USA_SCI_DINO_16_xs.jpg
  • At the Science Museum in Dallas, Texas, school children watch the animated robot dinosaurs Apatosauruses (half size, made by Dinamation International) swing their heads close to them. Dinamation International, a California-based company, makes a collection of robotic dinosaurs. The dinosaurs are sent out in traveling displays to museums around the world. The dinosaur's robotic metal skeleton is covered by rigid fiberglass plates, over which is laid a flexible skin of urethane foam. The plates and skin are sculpted and painted to make the dinosaurs appear as realistic as possible. The creature's joints are operated by compressed air and the movements controlled by computer.
    USA_SCI_DINO_11_xs.jpg
  • A dinamation robotic model of an Apatosaurus at the Dallas Science museum (with the skin removed showing the metal skeleton). Dinamation International, a California-based company, makes a collection of robotic dinosaurs. The dinosaurs are sent out in traveling displays to museums around the world. The dinosaur's robotic metal skeleton is covered by rigid fiberglass plates, over which is laid a flexible skin of urethane foam. The plates and skin are sculpted and painted to make the dinosaurs appear as realistic as possible. The creature's joints are operated by compressed air and the movements controlled by computer.
    USA_SCI_DINO_02_xs.jpg
  • First generation face robot from the Hara-Kobayashi Lab in Tokyo. Lit from behind to reveal the machinery beneath the skin. The machinery will change the contours of the robot's skin to create facial expressions. It does this by using electric actuators, which change their shape when an electric current is passed through them. The devices will return to their original shape when the current stops. This robot face was developed at the Laboratory of Fumio Hara and Hiroshi Kobayashi at the Science University, Tokyo, Japan.
    Japan_Jap_rs_2A_120_xs.jpg
  • First generation face robot from the Hara-Kobayashi Lab in Tokyo. Lit from behind to reveal the machinery beneath the skin. The machinery will change the contours of the robot's skin to create facial expressions. It does this by using electric actuators, which change their shape when an electric current is passed through them. The devices will return to their original shape when the current stops. Unfortunately these actuators proved very slow at returning to their original shape, causing an expression to remain on the face for too long. This robot face was developed at the Laboratory of Fumio Hara and Hiroshi Kobayashi at the Science University, Tokyo, Japan. The robot head is lit from within by a pencil light strobe cloaked in a yellow gel.
    Japan_Jap_rs_1a_120_xs.jpg
  • Looking into the eyes of Jack the robot, Gordon Cheng tests its response to the touch of his hand. Researchers at the Electrotechnical Lab at Tsukuba, an hour away from Tokyo, Japan, are part of a project funded by the Japanese Science and Technology Agency to develop a humanoid robot as a research vehicle into complex human interactions. With the nation's population rapidly aging, the Japanese government is increasingly funding efforts to create robots that will help the elderly. Project leader Yasuo Kuniyoshi wants to create robots that are friendly and quite literally soft, the machinery will be sheathed in thick padding. In contrast to a more traditional approach, Kuniyoshi wants to program his robot to make it learn by analyzing and fully exploiting its natural constraints. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 56-57.
    Japan_JAP_rs_279_qxxs.jpg
  • A work in progress, this still-unnamed face robot can open its eyes and smile. In the future, says its designer, Hidetoshi Akasawa, a mechanical engineering student working on a master's at the Science University of Tokyo, Japan,  it will be able to recognize and react to human facial expressions. This third-generation robot will greet smiles with smiles, frowns with frowns, mixing and matching six basic emotions in a real-time interaction that Hara calls "active human interface." From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 72.
    Japan_JAP_rs_262_qxxs.jpg
  • Surrounded by his plans and sketches, designer Tatsuya Matsui (seated) contemplates the next phase in the evolution of SIG, the robot under development by Hiroaki Kitano (standing). Kitano, a senior researcher at Sony Computer Science Laboratories, Inc. and director of this government-funded project, wants to endow SIG with sufficient eyesight, hearing, and processing power to follow instructions given by several people in a crowd. The goal is ambitious, but Kitano is well-placed to achieve it. In 1997, he created the now-famous RoboCup, in which robot teams from around the world meet every year to play soccer in an indoor arena. Japan. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 83.
    Japan_JAP_rs_242_qxxs.jpg
  • Professor Fumio Hara and Assistant Professor Hiroshi Kobayashi's female face robot (second-generation) at Science University of Tokyo, Japan, has shape-memory electric actuators that move beneath the robot's silicon skin to change the face into different facial expressions much as muscles do in the human face. The actuators are very slow to return to their original state and remedying this is one of the research projects facing the Hara and Kobayashi Lab. The robot head is lit from within by a pencil light strobe cloaked in a yellow gel. It was photographed in the neon bill-boarded area of Shinjuku, a section of Tokyo, on a rainy evening at rush hour. Robo sapiens cover image. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species.
    Japan_JAP_rs_1_qxxs.jpg
  • Lit from within to reveal the machinery beneath its skin, this second-generation face robot from the Hara-Kobayashi laboratory at the Science University of Tokyo, Japan, has shape-memory actuators that move like muscles creating facial expressions beneath the robot's silicon skin. Made of metal strips that change their shape when an electric current passes through them, the actuators return to their original form when the current stops. The robot head is lit from within by a pencil light strobe cloaked in a yellow gel.From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 77.
    Japan_JAP_rs_1B_120_qxxs.jpg
  • Science Museum, London
    GBR_110219_19_x.jpg
  • Colombo, Sri Lanka..Sir Arthur C. Clarke sits in his wheelchair (he has post-polio syndrome) upon a checkerboard-patterned area outside the grand seaside Galle Face Hotel in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Clarke wrote 3001, the last book of his acclaimed science fiction series while living in this hotel. (He wrote 2001 while living in the Chelsea Hotel in New York City). Protecting Clarke from the fierce noon sun, is the hotel doorman, Kattarapatte Chadthu Kuttan, 70, who has worked at the Galle Face Hotel for 58 years, since age 12. (2001) Best known for the book 2001: A Space Odyssey. MODEL RELEASED
    SRI_ACC_01_xs.jpg
  • Student Yousuke Kato points to a female face robot created at the Science University of Tokyo, Japan, Fumio Hara Robotics Lab. The female face robot (secondgeneration) has shape-memory electric actuators that move beneath the robots' silicon skin to change the face into different facial expressions much as muscles do in the human face. The research robot undergoes a metamorphosis with each class of students assigned to work on it. The latest iteration allows the robot's face to mold into six different expressions: happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, anger, and surprise. In some images, the computer monitor displays a graphical representation of the software creating the expression on the robot.
    Japan_Jap_rs_707_xs.jpg
  • Photographed at a baptismal font in the chapel of Schloss Burlinghoven, a nineteenth-century castle on the campus of the German National Center for Information Technology, the walking robot Sir Arthur stands with its creator, research scientist Frank Kirchner. Sir Arthur began as a relatively simple robot with sonarlike "vision" that prevented it from trapping itself in corners and snagging itself on obstacles. It was successful enough that Kirchner obtained funding from the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency to assemble a team of researchers from diverse disciplines: computer science, math, physics, and electronic and mechanical engineering, to build an enhanced, solar-powered version that can cross rough outdoor terrain. Germany. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 112
    GER_rs_2_qxxs.jpg
  • National Museum of Nuclear Sciece and History, Albuquerque, NM
    USA_101003_367_x.jpg
  • Sir Arthur C. Clarke in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Sir Arthur is best known for the book 2001: A Space Odyssey. MODEL RELEASED
    SRI_ACC_77_120_xs.jpg
  • Sir Arthur C. Clarke, composite. Colombo, Sri Lanka. Sir Arthur C. Clarke gazes at the moon. "I can never look now at the Milky Way without wondering from which of those banked clouds of stars the emissaries are coming," one of Arthur C. Clarke's characters says in the short story "The Sentinel" (1948), which was the basis for his book 2001 - A Space Odyssey. MODEL RELEASED
    SRI_ACC_74_xs.jpg
  • Colombo, Sri Lanka.Sir Arthur C. Clarke donned scuba gear for this photograph for the first time since 1991 and dives in the pool at the Otter Swim Club. Clarke moved to Sri Lanka in part for the excellent scuba diving more than 40 years ago. He is too frail to dive in the ocean (he has post-polio syndrome). He is seen here gesturing obscenely in response to Peter Menzel's gesture asking him to swim overhead one more time to take another photo. Sir Arthur is best known for the book 2001: A Space Odyssey. MODEL RELEASED
    SRI_ACC_127_xs.jpg
  • Colombo, Sri Lanka.Sir Arthur C. Clarke holds a DVD copy of the movie 2001: A Space Odyssey. Clarke wrote, "Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic." Referring to the DVD in his hand, he said, "If I were able to give Thomas Edison this disc, he would have no idea of what it was or how it worked. It would be magic." Sir Arthur is best known for the book 2001: A Space Odyssey. MODEL RELEASED
    SRI_ACC_122_xs.jpg
  • In a situation all too familiar to robotics researchers, Atsuo Takanishi (on right) is trying to make his creation work. His research team's robot, WE-3RIII (Waseda Eye Number 3 Refined Version III) can follow a light with its digital-camera eyes, moving its head if needed. In the laboratory the robot worked perfectly, its movements almost disconcertingly lifelike. But while being installed at a robot exhibit in Tokyo, WE-3RIII inexplicably and violently threw back its head, tearing apart its own wiring. Now Takanishi and one of his students are puzzling over the problem and will solve it only in the early hours of the morning before the exhibit opened. Japan.From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 40-41..
    Japan_JAP_rs_12_qxxs.jpg
  • National Museum of Nuclear Sciece and History, Albuquerque, NM
    USA_101003_341_x.jpg
  • Here COG,(short for cognitive) is seen using a slinky toy. Cog's designer is Rodney Brooks, head of MIT's Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, in Cambridge, Mass. Although some might be discouraged by the disparity between the enormous amount of thought and labor that went into it and the apparently meager results (simulating the intelligence of a six month old baby), Brooks draws a different conclusion. That so much is required to come close to simulating a baby's mind, he believes, only shows the fantastic complexity inherent in the task of producing an artificially intelligent humanoid robot. Robo sapiens page 59
    Usa_rs_5D_120_nxs.jpg
  • Atsuo Takanishi of the Humanoid Research Laboratory, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan, conversing with writer Faith D'Aluisio at his university laboratory. One of the leading researchers at Japan's Waseda University's long-term robotics project, mechanical engineer Atsuo Takanishi studied under the late Ichiro Kato, a robotics pioneer, and superb fundraiser, who made the school into the epicenter of the field. Continuing Kato's emphasis on "biomechatronics", replicating the functions of animals with machines, Takanishi now supervises the research group that produced WABIAN-RII (behind him in photograph). From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 18.
    Japan_JAP_rs_287_qxxs.jpg
  • Here COG,(short for cognitive) is seen using a slinky toy. Cog's designer is Rodney Brooks, head of MIT's Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, in Cambridge, Mass. Although some might be discouraged by the disparity between the enormous amount of thought and labor that went into it and the apparently meager results (simulating the intelligence of a six month old baby), Brooks draws a different conclusion. That so much is required to come close to simulating a baby's mind, he believes, only shows the fantastic complexity inherent in the task of producing an artificially intelligent humanoid robot. Robo sapiens page 59
    Usa_rs_715_120_xs.jpg
  • Here COG,(short for cognitive) is seen using a slinky toy. Cog's designer is Rodney Brooks, head of MIT's Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, in Cambridge, Mass. Although some might be discouraged by the disparity between the enormous amount of thought and labor that went into it and the apparently meager results (simulating the intelligence of a six month old baby), Brooks draws a different conclusion. That so much is required to come close to simulating a baby's mind, he believes, only shows the fantastic complexity inherent in the task of producing an artificially intelligent humanoid robot. Robo sapiens page 59
    Usa_rs_429_120_nxs.jpg
  • With its carapace not yet built, the mechanism inside the head of Cog is revealed against a photographer's lights. Cog's designer is Rodney Brooks, head of MIT's Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, in Cambridge, MA. So much is required to come close to simulating a baby's mind, he believes, only shows the fantastic complexity inherent in the task of producing an artificially intelligent humanoid robot. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 59.
    USA_rs_348_qxxs.jpg
  • One of the leading researchers at Japan's Waseda University's long-term robotics project, mechanical engineer Atsuo Takanishi studied under the late Ichiro Kato, a robotics pioneer, and superb fundraiser, who made the school into the epicenter of the field. Continuing Kato's emphasis on "biomechatronics", replicating the functions of animals with machines, Takanishi now supervises the research group that produced WABIAN-RII (behind him in photograph). Japan. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 39.
    Japan_JAP_rs_254_qxxs.jpg
  • Lava flowing into sea from Kilauea eruption at Volcano National Park. Kilauea most recently erupted in 1983 and lava has flown consistently since then. It is one of the world's most active volcanoes. Big Island, Hawaii. USA.
    USA_HI_37_xs.jpg
  • Assortment of the genetic varieties (hybrids) of corn produced for experimental cultivation. Different strains display variation in thickness, length and color of the cob, and the number of grains on the cob. Escagen Corporation, San Carlos, California.  [1987].
    USA_SCI_BIOT_12_xs.jpg
  • In Death Valley, California, the team responsible for a Russian Mars Rover 'Marsokhod' tests its vehicle to see how it will handle its maneuvering along the similar rocky terrain. The Planetary Society sponsored the test. Robo sapiens Project.
    Usa_rs_650_xs.jpg
  • MODEL RELEASED. Kismet robot interacting with a mirror held by researcher Cynthia Breazeal. Kismet is a robot that responds with facial expressions to her actions. It has been developed for the study of action recognition and learning, particularly in children. Kismet has several moods, which it displays as expressions on its face. It responds to visual stimuli like a baby. When there are no stimuli, it shows a sad expression. When paid attention to, as here, Kismet looks interested. Like a child, Kismet responds best to bright colours and moderate movements. Photographed at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, USA.
    Usa_rs_565_xxs.jpg
  • Eyes sweeping the room with what seems to be hopeful curiosity, Kismet the robot sits like an animated bust on Cynthia Breazeal's desk at MIT in Cambridge, MA. When it spots visitors, the robot's expression changes to an almost uncannily convincing expression of interest and delight. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species. One of a series of Kismet images.
    USA_rs_42_nxxs.jpg
  • Eric Hvinden puts sound onto a Dinamation International Triceratops at the company's factory near Los Angeles, California. Dinamation International, a California-based company, makes a collection of robotic dinosaurs. The dinosaurs are sent out in traveling displays to museums around the world. The dinosaur's robotic metal skeleton is covered by rigid fiberglass plates, over which is laid a flexible skin of urethane foam. The plates and skin are sculpted and painted to make the dinosaurs appear as realistic as possible. The creature's joints are operated by compressed air and the movements controlled by computer.
    USA_SCI_DINO_14_xs.jpg
  • In a spanking new, richly-appointed research center above a busy shopping street in Tokyo's stylish Harajuku district, Hiroaki Kitano shows off his robot soccer team. In addition to Kitano's humanoid-robot work at Kitano Symbiotic Systems Project, a five-year, government-funded ERATO project, Kitano is the founder and chair of Robot World Cup Soccer (RoboCup), an annual soccer competition for robots. There are four classes of contestants: small, medium, simulated, and dog (using Sony's programmable robot dogs). Kitano's small-class RoboCup team consists of five autonomous robots, which kick a golf ball around a field about the size of a ping-pong table. An overhead video camera feeds information about the location of the players to remote computers, which use the data to control the robots' offensive and defensive moves. Japan. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 213 top.
    Japan_JAP_rs_31_qxxs.jpg
  • Kevin Kelly, in his home office in Pacifica, California.<br />
Senior Maverick for Wired.    <br />
Author of What Technology Wants.
    USA_100418_174_x.jpg
  • Kevin Kelly, in his home office in Pacifica, California.<br />
Senior Maverick for Wired.    <br />
Author of What Technology Wants.
    USA_100418_124_x.jpg
  • Evan Menzel photographing trinitite at Site Trinity, ground zero, on the White Sands Missile Range in S. New Mexico. Site of the world's first atomic explosiion on August 6, 1945. The atomic bomb was developed by the Manhatten Project. The Manhattan Project refers to the effort during World War II by the United States, in collaboration with the United Kingdom, Canada, and other European physicists, to develop the first nuclear weapons. Formally designated as the Manhattan Engineering District (MED), it refers specifically to the period of the project from 1942-1946 under the control of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, under the administration of General Leslie R. Groves, with its scientific research directed by the American physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer. The project succeeded in developing and detonating three nuclear weapons in 1945: a test detonation on July 16 (the Trinity test) near Alamogordo, New Mexico; an enriched uranium bomb code-named "Little Boy" detonated on August 6 over Hiroshima, Japan; and a plutonium bomb code-named "Fat Man" on August 9 over Nagasaki, Japan. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manhattan_Project) MODEL RELEASED.
    USA_101002_064_x.jpg
  • National Museum of Nuclear Sciece and History, Albuquerque, NM
    USA_101003_342_x.jpg
  • At Burning Man, PhD tech nerd and artist Austin Richards demonstrates the power of his Tesla coil, which he has named Megavolt. Richards is protected from the electrical strikes by a special suit. Burning Man is a performance art festival known for art, drugs and sex. It takes place annually in the Black Rock Desert near Gerlach, Nevada, USA.
    USA_BMAN_91_xs.jpg
  • Veterinarian School - Tropical diseases research lab. MODEL RELEASED.
    USA_ANML_13_xs.jpg
  • Cardiology ultrasound on a dog. Veterinarian School, University of California, Davis.
    USA_ANML_09_xs.jpg
  • Zaiger Genetics: Apricots in test tubes in the tissue culture lab run by Grant Zaiger, Floyd's son. Floyd Zaiger (Born 1926) is a biologist who is most noted for his work in fruit genetics. Zaiger Genetics, located in Modesto, California, USA, was founded in 1958. Zaiger has spent his life in pursuit of the perfect fruit, developing both cultivars of existing species and new hybrids such as the pluot and the aprium. Tissue culture Lab. 1983.
    USA_AG_ZAIG_04_xs.jpg
  • Guam; Earl Campbell's brown tree snake research in a jungle area near Andersen Air Force Base. Snakes trapped, tagged, sexed, measured, weighed and released. . There are no birds on the Pacific Island of Guam thanks to the Brown Tree Snake. These hungry egg-eating snakes have overrun the tropical island after arriving on a lumber freighter from New Guinea during World War II. Besides wiping out the bird population, Brown Tree Snakes cause frequent power outages: they commit short circuit suicide when climbing between power lines.
    GUM_08_xs.jpg
  • New Lava flow from Kilauea eruption. Kilauea most recently erupted in 1983 and lava has flown consistently since then. It is one of the world's most active volcanoes. Hawaii Big Island. USA.
    USA_HI_38_xs.jpg
  • New Lava flow on Kilauea Volcano. Kilauea most recently erupted in 1983 and lava has flown consistently since then. It is one of the world's most active volcanoes. Hawaii, Big Island.
    USA_HI_09_xs.jpg
  • Lava flow on Mauna Loa, Big Island, Hawaii. USA
    USA_HI_07_xs.jpg
  • A steam cloud rises above lava flowing into the sea from the Kilauea eruption. Volcano National Park, Big Island, Hawaii. USA.
    USA_HI_03_xs.jpg
  • Lava flows into the sea from Kilauea Volcano.
    USA_HI_02_xs.jpg
  • Ladybugs swarming on top of Timber Peak above the Langmuir Atmospheric Research Lab, near Socorro, New Mexico. USA..
    USA_INSC_1_xs.jpg
  • Simulated cave formations at Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum. USA.
    USA_AZ_12_xs.jpg
  • Aerial photograph of the San Andreas Fault in California as it crosses the Carrizo Plain. The Earth's crust is fractured into a series of "plates" that have been moving very slowly over the Earth's surface for millions of years. Two of these moving plates meet in western California; the boundary between them is the San Andreas fault. The Pacific Plate (on the west) moves northwestward relative to the North American Plate (on the east), causing earthquakes along the fault. The San Andreas is the "master" fault of an intricate fault network that cuts through rocks of the California coastal region.
    USA_CA_EQ_20_xs.jpg
  • Earthquake research. Geophysicist, William Prescott in the computer data room, with earthquake data recording equipment behind him, at the U.S. Geological Survey's laboratory at Menlo Park, California. USA MODEL RELEASED.
    USA_CA_EQ_15_xs.jpg
  • Proton decay experiment to determine the ultimate stability of matter..Physics: Proton Decay. Ohio, Morton Salt Mine (1985). Proton decay detector located 600 meters underground in the Morton salt mine near Cleveland, Ohio.which consists of a massive tank containing 21 cubic meters of ultra pure water, its walls lined with photomultiplier tubes, which detect faint flashes of Cerenkov light emitted by the passage of charged particles
    USA_SCI_PHY_36_xs.jpg
  • Proton decay experiment to determine the ultimate stability of matter..View of the entrance of Tokyo University's Proton Decay Experiment. 1,000 50-centimeter photomultiplier tubes line the 12-meter deep tank of water form the experiment. The water contains enough protons to provide an average of one decay event per year, an event that may be detected by these tubes as the particles from the decay cause a visible light phenomenon known as Cerenkov radiation. The experiment is taking place 914 meters underground in a zinc mine below Mt. Ikenoyama to minimize the effects of cosmic rays. Japan. (1985).
    Japan_JAP_SCI_PHY_04_xs.jpg
  • Proton decay experiment to determine the ultimate stability of matter..The tubular iron detector of the Kolar proton decay experiment, 6,000 feet underground in a gold mine in India. The experiment consists of 150 tons of iron tube arranged in a cubic layout. Each tube is converted to act like a large Geiger counter, and is designed to detect the products from the decay of a proton. The half-life of the proton is estimated at 10 to the power 34 years, so the experiment has to contain as many protons as possible for the probability of an event occurring to be realistic.   India. (1985)
    IND_SCI_PHY_04_xs.jpg
  • Proton decay experiment to determine the ultimate stability of matter. Dr. Narasimham. Gold mine at Kolar, site of India's proton decay experiment. The experiment consists of 150 tons of iron tube arranged in a cubic layout 6000 feet (1828 meters) below ground. Each tube is converted to act like a large Geiger counter, and is designed to detect the products from the decay of a proton. The half- life of the proton is estimated at 10 to the power 34 years, so the experiment has to contain as many protons as possible for the probability of an event occurring to be realistic. India. MODEL RELEASED (1985)
    IND_SCI_PHY_01_xs.jpg
  • Proton decay experiment to determine the ultimate stability of matter. View of the entrance to the French side of the Mont Blanc tunnel, inside which is located the NUSEX proton decay experiment. The tunnel runs between France & Italy under Mont Blanc. NUSEX is located several kilometers inside the tunnel, on the French side of the border, in one of the garage areas dug out of the rock at regular intervals along the tunnel. .View of the NUSEX (Nucleon Stability Experiment) proton decay detector located in a garage area off the Mont Blanc tunnel under some 5000 meters of rock which shields it from most cosmic radiation. (1985)
    FRA_SCI_PHY_04_xs.jpg
  • Proton decay experiment to determine the ultimate stability of matter..The iron stack, which forms the proton decay experiment at Frejus, France. The stack consists of iron bars interspersed with Geiger tubes, and is designed to provide enough protons to bring the probability of observing a decay event into realistic proportions, made difficult by the half- life of the proton being ten to the power 34 years. (1985)
    FRA_SCI_PHY_03_xs.jpg
  • Proton decay experiment to determine the ultimate stability of matter. View of the NUSEX (Nucleon Stability Experiment) proton decay detector located in a garage area off the Mont Blanc tunnel under some 5000 meters of rock which shields it from most cosmic radiation. (1985)
    FRA_SCI_PHY_02_xs.jpg
  • Elephant orphanage at Pinnawella, Sri Lanka. Sir Arthur C. Clarke's glasses. Sir Arthur is best known for the book 2001: A Space Odyssey.
    SRI_ACC_29_xs.jpg
  • Sigirya, Sri Lanka. 5th century fortress and View of fortress and Jaguar sign thru Sir Arthur Clarke's glasses. Sir Arthur is best known for the book 2001: A Space Odyssey.
    SRI_ACC_28_xs.jpg
  • Aukana, Sri Lanka. 5th century Buddha thru glasses of Sir Arthur C. Clarke. Sir Arthur is best known for the book 2001: A Space Odyssey.
    SRI_ACC_27_xs.jpg
  • Colombo, Sri Lanka. Sir Arthur C. Clarke's daily dose of afternoon table tennis at the Otter Club. He is playing against one of his valets Lenin, and takes his game very seriously. Published in Stern Magazine, 28 December 2000, page 77. (He has post-polio syndrome) Best known for the book 2001: A Space Odyssey. MODEL RELEASED
    SRI_ACC_20_xs.jpg
  • Colombo, Sri Lanka.Sir Arthur C. Clarke holds a DVD copy of the movie 2001: A Space Odyssey. Clarke wrote, "Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic." Referring to the DVD in his hand, he said, "If I were able to give Thomas Edison this disc, he would have no idea of what it was or how it worked. It would be magic." (He has post-polio syndrome) Best known for the book 2001: A Space Odyssey. MODEL RELEASED
    SRI_ACC_04_xs.jpg
  • Colombo, Sri Lanka. Sir Arthur C. Clarke sits in his wheelchair (he has post-polio syndrome) at the Galle Face Hotel in Colombo, Sri Lanka, upon a checkerboard-patterned area facing the sea. Clarke wrote 3001 while living in this hotel. He wrote 2001 while living in the Chelsea Hotel in New York City. When asked about Hal and Hal's legacy (artificial intelligence), Clarke said that Hal was possible but asked if that was a good idea. He said that he believed intelligent machines will come, but then there is the question of consciousness. "I think, therefore I am, I think," he said. The photograph Illustrates this quote. Published in Germany's Stern Magazine, 12 December 2001, pages 74-75 and table of contents. (He has post-polio syndrome) Best known for the book 2001: A Space Odyssey. MODEL RELEASED
    SRI_ACC_02_120_xs.jpg
  • Plant biotechnology research into the cultivation of disease-free potatoes, showing coated (white) & uncoated potato seeds. Scientists are working to provide growers with the ability to plant an acre with no more than one pound of seed, instead of the tons of tubers (seed potatoes) presently required to do the job. Seed also has the advantage that it is less likely to rot in storage: the resulting reduction in waste is projected to reduce growers' costs by $100 per acre. Photo taken at Escagen Corporation, San Carlos, California. .[1987].
    USA_SCI_BIOT_13_xs.jpg
  • Genetically engineered tomato plants. Geneticist Dr. Virginia Ursin examines cultures of Flavr Savr tomato plants; the first genetically engineered whole food. Each dish contains seedlings cultured from a single cell, grown on agarose medium. Flavr Savr tomatoes have a gene that allows the fruit to ripen on the vine without softening; so they are tastier, don't need ripening with ethylene gas, and are not damaged during shipping. Tomato softening occurs due to the enzyme polygalacturonase. Flavr Savr tomatoes contain an anti-sense gene that blocks the enzyme. This tomato entered American supermarkets in 1994 but was withdrawn from the marketplace by Monsanto (which bought Calgene in 1997). Research at Calgene, California, USA. MODEL RELEASED [1995]
    USA_SCI_BIOT_09_xs.jpg
  • Genetically engineered tomato plants. The petri dish contains cultures of Flavr Savr tomato plants; the first genetically engineered whole food. Each plantlet has been cultured from a single cell, grown on agarose medium. Flavr Savr tomatoes have a gene that allows the fruit to ripen on the vine without softening; so they are tastier, do not need ripening with ethylene gas, and are not damaged during shipping. Tomato softening occurs due to the enzyme polygalacturonase. Flavr Savr tomatoes contain an anti-sense gene that blocks the enzyme.   Research conducted at Calgene in California, USA. [1995].
    USA_SCI_BIOT_08_xs.jpg
  • MODEL RELEASED. Immunodeficiency research. Dr Don Mosier counts mouse and human cells in a SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency) mouse that he implanted with a human immune system. The device at right is a fluorescence-activated cell sorter. The rare genetic mutation of SCID, found in both mice and humans, destroys the immune system and the body is unable to fight infection. Dr Mosier managed to implant disease-fighting human white blood cells into SCID mice giving them a permanent human immune system. This breakthrough enables researchers at the Scripps Research Institute in California, USA, to study human immune disorders such as SCID, AIDS, leukemia and allergies. MODEL RELEASED.[1995]
    USA_SCI_BIOT_04_xs.jpg
  • Chiron Therapeutics. Robotic Synthesizer. Emeryville, California. [1995]
    USA_SCI_BIOT_01_120_xs.jpg
  • Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton. San Jose, California. Chris McCarthy, astronomer, with the 120-inch telescope.
    USA_Lick_060513_263_rwx.jpg
  • Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton. San Jose, California. 120-inch telescope. Telescope operator, Bernie Walp, aims the 120-inch telescope at star HR3982, Rugulus, the brightest star in the Constellation Leo.
    USA_Lick_060513_239_rwx.jpg
  • Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton. San Jose, California. Old computer equipment put out for recycling/trash pickup. Outside the 120-inch telescope. (Dome is lit by the full moon, 30-second exposure.)  Exoplanets & Planet Hunters
    USA_Lick_060513_201_rwx.jpg
  • Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton. San Jose, California. Old computer equipment put out for recycling/trash pickup. Outside the 120-inch telescope. (Dome is lit by the full moon, 30-second exposure.)  Exoplanets & Planet Hunters
    USA_Lick_060513_194_rwx.jpg
  • Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton. San Jose, California. 120-inch telescope.
    USA_Lick_060513_110_rwx.jpg
  • Chris McCarthy, astronomer, having his dinner in the dining hall of the Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton. San Jose, California. Chris stays at the observatory for 4 nights in a row. The cook, Dennise Casey, makes him a 'night lunch' (in paper bag) every evening since he works all night at the 120-inch telescope. His night lunch consists of 2 sandwiches, fruit, potato or corn chips and 3 cookies. Chris is a vegetarian.  Exoplanets & Planet Hunters
    USA_Lick_060513_103_rwx.jpg
  • Chris McCarthy, astronomer, having his dinner in the dining hall of the Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton. San Jose, California. Chris stays at the observatory for 4 nights in a row. The cook, Dennise Casey, makes him a 'night lunch' (in paper bag) every evening since he works all night at the 120-inch telescope. His night lunch consists of 2 sandwiches, fruit, potato or corn chips and 3 cookies. Chris is a vegetarian.  Exoplanets & Planet Hunters
    USA_Lick_060513_087_rwx.jpg
  • Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton. San Jose, California. 120-inch telescope. Chris McCarthy, astronomer.  Exoplanets & Planet Hunters
    USA_Lick_060513_072_rwx.jpg
  • Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton. San Jose, California. 120-inch telescope. Chris McCarthy, astronomer.  Exoplanets & Planet Hunters
    USA_Lick_060513_048_rwx.jpg
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Peter Menzel Photography

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