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  • Virtual reality: Ralph Hollis, IBM, NY "Feeling" Gold Atoms working with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) (at right) linked to a tele-robotic manipulation system with atomic scale force-feedback. The minute movements of the STM's probe as its traverses the gold sample surface is linked to a force-feedback magic wrist, enabling the scientist, whose hand is in contact with the magic wrist, to feel the texture of the gold atoms. In background is a false-color STM image of the gold surface, revealing the cobbled pattern of individual atoms. The photo was taken at IBM's Thomas Watson Research Centre, Yorktown Heights, New York. (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_01_xs.jpg
  • Oranges: Woodlake, California, USA. Surplus oranges will be chopped up and dried in the sun for cattle feed by Sungro Co. near Bakersfield, California, USA. Worker shows that this orange does not meet the standard size for naval oranges for selling in the grocery store.  Oranges like this become surplus.
    USA_AG_ORAN_11_xs.jpg
  • Virtual reality: Ralph Hollis, IBM, NY "Feeling" Gold Atoms working with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) (at right) linked to a tele-robotic manipulation system with atomic scale force-feedback. The minute movements of the STM's probe as its traverses the gold sample surface is linked to a force-feedback magic wrist, enabling the scientist, whose hand is in contact with the magic wrist, to feel the texture of the gold atoms. In background is a false-color STM image of the gold surface, revealing the cobbled pattern of individual atoms. The photo was taken at IBM's Thomas Watson Research Centre, Yorktown Heights, New York. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_02_xs.jpg
  • Virtual reality in undersea exploration: bench testing of an undersea tele-robotic robot arm, being developed for the U.S. Navy by the Centre for Engineering Design at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City. The functions of this robot are the performance of complex underwater tasks by remote manipulation from the surface. Underwater video cameras & other imaging systems relay information to a computer that produces a 3-D virtual image of the seabed. The operator is linked to this world through a headset equipped with 3-D goggles, & spatial sensor, and data gloves or other clothing that relay precision movements back through the computer to tools on the robot's limbs. (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_40_xs.jpg
  • Virtual reality in undersea exploration: bench testing of an undersea tele-robotic robot arm, being developed for the U.S. Navy by the Center for Engineering Design at the University of Utah, Salt Lake City. The functions of this robot are the performance of complex underwater tasks by remote manipulation from the surface. Underwater video cameras & other imaging systems relay information to a computer that produces a 3-D virtual image of the seabed. The operator is linked to this world through a headset equipped with 3-D goggles, & spatial sensor, and data gloves or other clothing that relay precision movements back through the computer to tools on the robot's limbs. (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_39_xs.jpg
  • CRT (TV tube) implosion test at the Underwriters test Lab in Northbrook (Chicago) IL.
    USA_SCI_UWRL_08_xs.jpg
  • CRT (TV tube) implosion test at the Underwriters test Lab in Northbrook (Chicago) IL.
    USA_SCI_UWRL_06_xs.jpg
  • This is motion study done on workers.
    USA_SCI_COMP_12_xs.jpg
  • Astrid Holmann of the Hollmann Sturm family in Hamburg, Germany preparing salad dressing for supper in her kitchen. They were photographed for the Hungry Planet: What I Eat project with a week's worth of food in June. Model Released.
    GER_130612_271_x.jpg
  • Astrid Holmann of the Hollmann Sturm family in Hamburg, Germany preparing salad dressing for supper in her kitchen. They were photographed for the Hungry Planet: What I Eat project with a week's worth of food in June. Model Released.
    GER_130612_271_x.jpg
  • A 50 year old Somalian woman being examined in Hargeisa, Somaliland, by Dr. Chris Giannou of the International Committee of the Red Cross, after losing her leg to a landmine while herding her cattle. Somaliland is the breakaway republic in northern Somalia that declared independence in 1991 after 50,000 died in civil war. March 1992.
    SOM_38_xs.jpg
  • Grain and sundries shop in the Bhutanese capital of Thimphu. There are no western-style supermarkets in the country. This store is about as big as they come, and most all of the packaged goods come in overland from India. Bhutan. From Peter Menzel's Material World Project.
    Bhu_mw_12_01_xs.jpg
  • Virtual reality: fitting adjustments being made to a data suit (blue, center) by Lou Ellen Jones, Asif Emon and Bea Holster at VPL research, Redwood City, California. VPL specializes in virtual or artificial reality systems, the production of computer-generated graphical environments that users may enter. Visual contact with such artificial worlds is provided by a headset equipped with 3-D goggles. A spatial sensor on the headset (to fix the user's position in space) and numerous optical fiber sensors woven into the data suit, relay data back to the computer. The forerunner to the data suit is the data glove, which restricted the user's virtual interaction to hand gestures. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_34_xs.jpg
  • A Pima Indian man getting an underwater cholesterol and body fat pertentage measurement at the NIH Indian Medical Center in Phoenix, Arizona.
    USaz91_0003_xf1bs.jpg
  • Scripps Medical Center: Brain magnetic response: MEG Squid: Superconducting Quantum interference Device. Computer Screen shows the brain of a woman undergoing a brain scan with a neuromagnetometer, to measure normal brain function. The non-invasive scanner is positioned above her head while she views an object. This scan technique is called magneto encephalography (MEG). The neuromagnetometer measures magnetic fields generated from nerve cell activity within the brain. The scanner contains sensitive magnetic field detectors known as SQUIDS (Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices). MEG enables high- speed nerve cell activity to be detected, to show the brain working in rapid "real" time. It assists researchers to understand the normal brain. (1990)
    USA_SCI_MED_12_xs.jpg
  • Scripps Medical Center: Brain magnetic response. A woman undergoing a brain scan with a neuromagnetometer, to measure normal brain function. The non-invasive scanner is positioned above her head while she views an object. This scan technique is called magneto encephalography (MEG). The neuromagnetometer measures magnetic fields generated from nerve cell activity within the brain. The scanner contains sensitive magnetic field detectors known as SQUIDS (Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices). MEG enables high- speed nerve cell activity to be detected, to show the brain working in rapid "real" time. It assists researchers to understand the normal brain. MODEL RELEASED (1990)
    USA_SCI_MED_09_xs.jpg
  • Scripps Medical Center: Brain magnetic response. A woman undergoing a brain scan with a neuromagnetometer, to measure normal brain function. The non-invasive scanner is positioned above her head while she views an object. This scan technique is called magneto encephalography (MEG). The neuromagnetometer measures magnetic fields generated from nerve cell activity within the brain. The scanner contains sensitive magnetic field detectors known as SQUIDS (Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices). MEG enables high- speed nerve cell activity to be detected, to show the brain working in rapid "real" time. It assists researchers to understand the normal brain. MODEL RELEASED (1990)
    USA_SCI_MED_10_xs.jpg
  • Los Alamos National Lab, New Mexico. Research in the flow cytometry lab - sorting chromosomes for DNA Library. The counting of cells is called cytometry. Flow cytometry characterizes single cells as they pass at high speed through a laser beam. Speeds of up to 50,000 cells a second can be measured. The scattering of the laser beam provides a way to identify the cells. Many other characteristics, such as shape and surface texture can also be measured. The cells are then sorted as electrically charged droplets. This also purifies the samples. (1989).Human Genome Project.
    USA_SCI_HGP_06_xs.jpg
  • Hypothermia Research at the University of Minnesota Hypothermia laboratory in Duluth; volunteers in survival suit test immersed in cold water at a temperature of 53 degrees Fahrenheit (10 °C). A variety of probes measure their vital functions, skin & core body temperatures. MODEL RELEASED [1988]
    USA_SCI_HYP_05_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_06_xs.jpg
  • Market day in Koukourou, Mali. Africa. Grain trader Soumana Natomo (at right in blue) opens a sack of grain at the Saturday market in his village of Kouakourou, on the banks of the Niger River, between the market town of Mopti, and Djenne. One of his two wives, Pama Kondo (in yellow) measures rice for a customer. From coverage of revisit to Material World Project family in Mali, 2001.
    Mal_mw2_21_xs.jpg
  • Guam; Earl Campbell's brown tree snake research in a jungle area near Andersen Air Force Base. Snakes trapped, tagged, sexed, measured, weighed and released. . There are no birds on the Pacific Island of Guam thanks to the Brown Tree Snake. These hungry egg-eating snakes have overrun the tropical island after arriving on a lumber freighter from New Guinea during World War II. Besides wiping out the bird population, Brown Tree Snakes cause frequent power outages: they commit short circuit suicide when climbing between power lines.
    GUM_08_xs.jpg
  • Hypothermia Research at the University of Minnesota Hypothermia laboratory in Duluth; volunteer, Brian Cress, warms up his body temperature after being immersed in cold water at a temperature of 53 degrees Fahrenheit (10 °C). A variety of probes measure his vital functions, skin & core body temperatures. MODEL RELEASED [1988]
    USA_SCI_HYP_10_xs.jpg
  • Hypothermia Research at the University of Minnesota Hypothermia laboratory in Duluth; cold, fatigue, alcohol study with motorboat drive test on Lake Superior.  The driver has been given measured amounts of alcohol and his reactions tested. MODEL RELEASED [1988]
    USA_SCI_HYP_08_xs.jpg
  • Hypothermia Research at the University of Minnesota Hypothermia laboratory in Duluth; volunteer lays still for shiver test as 30 °F air is blown on her. A variety of probes measure her vital functions, skin & core body temperatures. MODEL RELEASED [1988]
    USA_SCI_HYP_06_xs.jpg
  • Hypothermia Research at the University of Minnesota Hypothermia laboratory in Duluth; volunteers immersed in cold water at a temperature of 53 degrees Fahrenheit (10 °C). A variety of probes measure their vital functions, skin & core body temperatures. MODEL RELEASED [1988]
    USA_SCI_HYP_03_xs.jpg
  • Hypothermia Research: Research on exercise in cold water, part of an assessment of exercise regimes for victims of multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, at the University of Minnesota Hypothermia laboratory in Duluth, a volunteer rides an exercise bicycle while immersed in cold water at a temperature of 50 degrees Fahrenheit. A variety of probes measure his vital functions, skin & core body temperatures. The tube connected to his mouth delivers a monitored air supply. People afflicted by MS need regular exercise, but the rise in body temperature this provokes often causes uncontrollable shaking. Exercise in cold water helps counter this effect. MODEL RELEASED [1988]
    USA_SCI_HYP_02_xs.jpg
  • Hypothermia Research: Research on exercise in cold water, part of an assessment of exercise regimes for victims of multiple sclerosis (MS). Here, at the University of Minnesota Hypothermia laboratory in Duluth, a volunteer rides an exercise bicycle while immersed in cold water at a temperature of 50 degrees Fahrenheit. A variety of probes measure his vital functions, skin & core body temperatures. The tube connected to his mouth delivers a monitored air supply. People afflicted by MS need regular exercise, but the rise in body temperature this provokes often causes uncontrollable shaking. Exercise in cold water helps counter this effect. MODEL RELEASED [1988]  .Hypothermia is a medical condition in which the victim's core body temperature has dropped to significantly below normal and normal metabolism begins to be impaired. This begins to occur when the core temperature drops below 35 degrees Celsius (95 degrees Fahrenheit). If body temperature falls below 32 °C (90 °F), the condition can become critical and eventually fatal. Body temperatures below 27 °C (80 °F) are almost uniformly fatal, though body temperatures as low as 14 °C (57.5 °F) have been known to be survivable.  [[http://encycl.opentopia.com/term/Hypothermia]]
    USA_SCI_HYP_01_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1985).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_74_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. MODEL RELEASED (1985).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_69_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_38_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_35_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy: Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. Photographer Peter Menzel is reflected in the mirror at dusk. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_17_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_16_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_15_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1985).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_14_xs.jpg
  • Heliostats with central receiving tower reflected. Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1985).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_13_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_11_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_10_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_07_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_05_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_04_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. (1985).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_02_xs.jpg
  • The particle physics collaboration group in the detector pit of the L-3 experiment at CERN's Large Electron-Positron Collider (LEP) ring during its construction in [1988] (Sam Ting bottom left in trench coat.) The pit now contains detectors that can measure and identify the various electrons, muons and photons that are emitted following collision events. The main part of the detector is the large magnet, contained in a cubic space of 12 meters each side and weighing 7810 tons. The magnet surrounds the particle detectors; the vertex chamber, the electromagnetic calorimeter, the hadron calorimeter and the muon chamber. The LEP ring was inaugurated on 13 November 1989. The LEP ring was inaugurated on 13 November 1989. [1988].
    SWI_SCI_PHY_10_xs.jpg
  • Physics: Patrice Lebrun works on the detector for the L-3 experiment at CERN, which uses a Bismuth Germanium Oxide (BGO) Crystal. BGO (formula Bi4 Ge3 O12) is used to detect electrons and photons generated by electron- positron collisions in the LEP Collider ring. When an electron or photon enters the crystal, its energy is converted into light. The light is channeled by the crystal to photodiodes, producing an electronic signal. 11, 000 crystals, totaling 12 tons in weight, are used in the detector, measuring the energy and position of the incoming particles at very high resolution. The LEP and L- 3 detector were inaugurated on 13 November 1989. Geneva, Switzerland..CERN is the European centre for particle physics near Geneva. L3 is one of 4 giant particle detectors at the LEP Collider. LEP collides electrons & positrons accelerated to an energy of 50 GeV in a circular tunnel 100m underground & 27km in circumference. L3 is a cylindrical assembly of many types of apparatus - hadron & electromagnetic calorimeters, drift chambers, & a time projection chamber - which fit together like layers of an onion around the point where the particles collide. L3 is a collaboration of 460 physicists from institutions in 13 countries. MODEL RELEASED [1988]
    SWI_SCI_PHY_07_xs.jpg
  • Physics: Assembly of Bismuth Germanium Oxide (BGO) Crystal for the L-3 experiment at CERN. BGO (formula Bi4 Ge3 O12) is used to detect electrons and photons generated by electron- positron collisions in the LEP Collider ring. When an electron or photon enters the crystal, its energy is converted into light. The light is channeled by the crystal to photodiodes, producing an electronic signal. 11, 000 crystals, totaling 12 tons in weight, are used in the detector, measuring the energy and position of the incoming particles at very high resolution. The LEP and L- 3 detector were inaugurated on 13 November 1989. Geneva, Switzerland..CERN is the European centre for particle physics near Geneva. L3 is one of 4 giant particle detectors at the LEP Collider. LEP collides electrons & positrons accelerated to an energy of 50 GeV in a circular tunnel 100m underground & 27km in circumference. L3 is a cylindrical assembly of many types of apparatus - hadron & electromagnetic calorimeters, drift chambers, & a time projection chamber - which fit together like layers of an onion around the point where the particles collide. L3 is a collaboration of 460 physicists from institutions in 13 countries. MODEL RELEASED [1988]
    SWI_SCI_PHY_06_xs.jpg
  • Micromechanics: Motorola, Inc., Phoenix, Arizona - the design team works on MPX4100D pressure ex-ducer: a chip for measuring pressure in an engine manifold. Model Released [1990]
    USA_SCI_MICRO_04_xs.jpg
  • Medicine: VA (Veteran's Affairs) Hospital in Long Beach, California - Dr. K.G. Lehmann, surgeon, preparing to perform a cardiac catheterization. The catheter, about the same thickness as a fine fishing line, is passed into a vein in the patient's arm. The catheter is then fed through the blood vessels to the heart. The surgeon keeps track of the catheter's position using an x-ray video camera. A tiny pressure measuring device, a micro manometer, is at the end of the catheter, and is used to take blood pressure readings at both sides of a heart valve. This micro sensor device was made using the same technology as is used in the manufacture of silicon 'chips', allowing minute sensors to be built for such invasive diagnostic techniques. MODEL RELEASED (1990)
    USA_SCI_MED_07_xs.jpg
  • Failure Analysis Associates, Inc. (an engineering and scientific consulting firm now called Exponent). Menlo Park, California. "Probeye" camera sees & measures thermal radiation: Chris Lund. MODEL RELEASED
    USA_FLAN_09_xs.jpg
  • Forensic research. (1992) Argentine Forensic Anthropology team in morgue of San Isidrio Hospital measuring and cataloguing bones of a "desparacido" a disappeared Argentinian.  Mercedes Doretti (sleeveless), Patricia Bernardi, Silvana Turner (short hair), Carlos (Marco) Somigliana (beard), Luis Fondebrider.  Data is entered into a computer and eventually they hope to match data to make an ID.  They hope to extract DNA from bones for DNA fingerprinting. Skeleton in a forensic laboratory. The bones have been numbered for identification. The researchers are trying to determine the identity of the body, which can be done by extracting and studying DNA. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the chemical responsible for heredity, and is different in each individual. These are the remains of someone abducted and murdered during the military rule in Argentina between 1976 and 1983. The hole in the skull is testament to a violent death.  Buenos Aires, Argentina. DNA Fingerprinting. MODEL RELEASED
    ARG_SCI_DNA_09_xs.jpg
  • Forensic research. (1992) Argentine Forensic Anthropology team in morgue of San Isidrio Hospital measuring and cataloguing bones of a "desparacido" a disappeared Argentinian.  Mercedes Doretti (sleeveless), Patricia Bernardi, Silvana Turner (short hair), Carlos (Marco) Somigliana (beard), Luis Fondebrider.  Data is entered into a computer and eventually they hope to match data to make an ID.  They hope to extract DNA from bones for DNA fingerprinting. Skeleton in a forensic laboratory. The bones have been numbered for identification. The researchers are trying to determine the identity of the body, which can be done by extracting and studying DNA. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the chemical responsible for heredity, and is different in each individual. These are the remains of someone abducted and murdered during the military rule in Argentina between 1976 and 1983. The hole in the skull is testament to a violent death.  Buenos Aires, Argentina. DNA Fingerprinting. MODEL RELEASED
    ARG_SCI_DNA_03_xs.jpg
  • Millie Mitra and her yoga teacher at her home in Benson Town, Bangalore, India. (Millie Mitra is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.) Millie Mitra, a vegan, has a thirst for alternative medicine and homeopathic healing, as well as a deep interest in how her diet affects her body. She has practiced Shivambu (sometimes spelled Sivambu), which is the drinking of one's own first morning urine (200 cc in her practice) as a curative and preventative measure, for over 15 years. Millie applies urine to her skin as well, for the same reasons. Her husband Abhik has tried Shivambu and she helped her children to practice it when they were young, but currently only Millie practices urine therapy.
    IND_081205_253_xw.jpg
  • Millie Mitra, an education consultant and homeopathy devotee, holds a glass of urine that she drinks everyday. (Millie Mitra is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.) Mitra has a thirst for alternative medicine and homeopathic healing, as well as a deep interest in how her diet affects her body. She has practiced Shivambu (sometimes spelled Sivambu), which is the drinking of one's own first morning urine (200 cc in her practice) as a curative and preventative measure, for over 15 years. Millie applies urine to her skin as well, for the same reasons. Her husband Abhik has tried Shivambu and she helped her children to practice it when they were young, but currently only Millie practices urine therapy in her family. MODEL RELEASED.
    IND_081205_198_xw.jpg
  • The Counter Intelligence program at MIT Media Lab in Boston, Massachusetts is focusing on developing a digitally connected kitchen of the future. By exploring new technologies they hope to expand the art of food preparation as well as social interactions in the kitchen. One aspect of their research is to create kitchen utensils that contain memories. In this image a digital scale helps to measure out meals.  Scale built into countertop. While the project is ongoing, these images were shot in 1999. (1999)
    USA_SCI_MIT_01_xs.jpg
  • Lightning research. Scientists prepare a rocket designed to fly into a thunderstorm and trigger a bolt of lightning. The rocket trails a fine copper wire, providing an easy path for the lightning to reach Earth. This allows the scientists to measure the current, voltage and other parameters of the lightning bolts. To ensure safety, the rocket is launched by blowing through a tube to activate a pneumatic switch. This prevents the operator from making accidental electrical contact with the lightning. Photographed at Mount Baldy, New Mexico USA.
    USA_SCI_RCKT_08_xs.jpg
  • This is the "iodine cell," a device developed and perfected by Butler, Marcy, and instrument specialist Steven Vogt of the University of California, Santa Cruz. When light from a star passes through the iodine, molecules in the hot vapor absorb parts of the light at very specific energies. Then, a specially etched slab of glass spreads the starlight into a glorious rainbow spectrum?like a prism held up to the sun, but with exquisitely fine detail. Because the iodine has subtracted bits of the light, a forest of dark black lines covers the spectrum like a long supermarket bar code. "It's like holding the star up to a piece of graph paper," McCarthy says. "The iodine lines never move. So if the star moves, we use the iodine lines as a ruler against which to measure that motion."  Iodine cell.  Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton. San Jose, California. 120-inch telescope. Exoplanets & Planet Hunters.
    USA_Lick_060513_032_B_rwx.jpg
  • This is the "iodine cell," a device developed and perfected by Butler, Marcy, and instrument specialist Steven Vogt of the University of California, Santa Cruz. When light from a star passes through the iodine, molecules in the hot vapor absorb parts of the light at very specific energies. Then, a specially etched slab of glass spreads the starlight into a glorious rainbow spectrum?like a prism held up to the sun, but with exquisitely fine detail. Because the iodine has subtracted bits of the light, a forest of dark black lines covers the spectrum like a long supermarket bar code. "It's like holding the star up to a piece of graph paper," McCarthy says. "The iodine lines never move. So if the star moves, we use the iodine lines as a ruler against which to measure that motion."  Iodine cell.  Lick Observatory on Mt. Hamilton. San Jose, California. 120-inch telescope. Exoplanets & Planet Hunters.
    USA_Lick_060513_031_rwx.jpg
  • In his UC Berkeley, CA office, astronomer Geoff Marcy is discussing the effects of Einstein's theory of relativity in the measurements of the Doppler shift that allow his team to detect planets.   They make all of their observations from the Earth that moves so fast in its orbit around the Sun that they must include the theory of relativity in their calculations. Exoplanets & Planet Hunters.
    USA_060516_092_rwx.jpg
  • In his UC Berkeley, CA office, astronomer Geoff Marcy is discussing the effects of Einstein's theory of relativity in the measurements of the Doppler shift that allow his team to detect planets.   They make all of their observations from the Earth that moves so fast in its orbit around the Sun that they must include the theory of relativity in their calculations. Exoplanets & Planet Hunters.
    USA_060516_091_rwx.jpg
  • In his UC Berkeley, CA office, astronomer Geoff Marcy is discussing the effects of Einstein's theory of relativity in the measurements of the Doppler shift that allow his team to detect planets.   They make all of their observations from the Earth that moves so fast in its orbit around the Sun that they must include the theory of relativity in their calculations. Exoplanets & Planet Hunters.
    USA_060516_080_rwx.jpg
  • Professor Robert J. Full's Poly-PEDAL Lab at UC Berkeley has been working with roboticists for years, supplying them with information on small animal locomotion that is used to conStruct innovative robots. Recently, the Lab has been working with the Stanford Research Institute (SRI), testing and evaluating artificial muscles. Dr. Kenneth Meijer (from Holland) compares and measures a Stanford Artificial Muscle with a natural one from the leg of the Death Head Cockroach. After cooling the cockroach and exposing leg extensor muscle number 179, an electrode is suctioned into the muscle to simulate the nerve-to-muscle connection. Published in Stern Magazine, February 11th, 2000.
    Usa_rs_657_xs.jpg
  • To study the flight control behavior of fruit flies, a tiny fly is glued to a probe positioned in an electronic arena of hundreds of flashing LEDs that can also measure its wing motion and flight forces. By altering its wing motion, the fly itself can change the display of the moving electronic panorama, tricking the fly into "thinking" it is really flying through the air. The amplified humming of the fruit fly as it buzzes through its imaginary flight surrounded by computers in the darkened lab is quite bizarre. UC Berkeley, CA, USA.
    Usa_rs_619_xs.jpg
  • A "smart" pallet that can move in any direction, OmniMate was designed by Johann Borenstein, a research scientists at the University of Michigan. Like the HelpMate hospital delivery robot, OmniMate sits on robotic platforms called LabMates. Although earlier robot pallets had to move along cables buried in the floor, OmniMate can track its own location by measuring its movements precisely. Borenstein is in the process of putting his robot on the market. At the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 189.
    USA_rs_486_qxxs.jpg
  • In a Kafkaesque scenario, an anesthetized female cockroach is pinned on its back in a petri dish coated with a rubbery goo. Guiding himself by peering through a microscope, James T. Watson, a staff researcher in Roy Ritzmann's lab at Case Western Reserve University, inserts the wires from thin pink electrodes into one of the insect's leg muscles. The electrodes will be used to take measurements of the insect's leg muscles when it moves-information that will be used by roboticist Roger Quinn in his roach-robot projects. Cleveland, OH. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 104.
    USA_rs_321_qxxs.jpg
  • A saleswoman at the middle market in Phnom Penh, Cambodia measures silkworm pupae. She also sells bee larvae (in blue tub). Image from the book project Man Eating Bugs: The Art and Science of Eating Insects.
    Cam_meb_22_xs.jpg
  • With Sandra Raymond Mundi carefully watching, a vendor measures out cornmeal mush in the Agromercado 19 y 78 open market in Havana's Marianao district. Hungry Planet: What the World Eats (p. 102).
    CUB01_0006_xxf1s.jpg
  • Sitting near the food distribution center at the Breidjing Refugee Camp right after sunrise, a Sudanese refugee woman patiently sifts through the sand to pluck out any bits of grain that might have dropped to the ground during the previous day's ration disbursement. The bowl on the ground is a standard-size, two-quart coro used to measure grain. Hungry Planet: What the World Eats (p. 61). /// This image is featured alongside the Aboubakar family images in Hungry Planet: What the World Eats. (Please refer to Hungry Planet book p. 56-57 for a family portrait.)
    CHA104_0005_xxf1rw.jpg
  • Earl Cambell's brown tree snake research site in jungle area near Andersen Air Force Base. Snakes are trapped, tagged, sexed, measured, weighed and released..U.S. Territory of Guam, an island in the Western Pacific Ocean, the largest of the Mariana Islands..There are no birds on the Pacific Island of Guam thanks to the Brown Tree Snake. These hungry egg-eating snakes have overrun the tropical island after arriving on a lumber freighter from New Guinea during World War II. Besides wiping out the bird population, Brown Tree Snakes cause frequent power outages: they commit short circuit suicide when climbing between power lines.
    GUM_06_xs.jpg
  • Underground storage of radioactive wastes. Measuring ceiling-floor movement. This is one of the chambers of the Waste Isolation Pilot Project (WIPP), 700 meters below ground. WIPP is a research project to determine the suitability of the local salt rocks as a storage site for highly radioactive transuranic waste from nuclear power stations. Such waste materials may have radioactive half-lives of thousands of years, and so must be isolated in a geologically stable environment. On the left is an experiment testing the design of containers carrying vitrified waste. The mine is located near Carlsbad, New Mexico, USA. (1998)
    USA_SCI_NUKE_13_xs.jpg
  • Hypothermia Research at the University of Minnesota Hypothermia laboratory in Duluth; volunteer immersed in cold water at a temperature of 53 degrees Fahrenheit (10 °C). A variety of probes measure his vital functions, skin & core body temperatures. MODEL RELEASED [1988]
    USA_SCI_HYP_09_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_37_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_36_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_32_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_31_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_28_xs.jpg
  • Dawn mirrors facing east to meet sun. Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_12_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_09_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_08_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1985).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_01_xs.jpg
  • Physics: Assembly of Bismuth Germanium Oxide (BGO) Crystal for the L-3 experiment at CERN. BGO (formula Bi4 Ge3 O12) is used to detect electrons and photons generated by electron- positron collisions in the LEP Collider ring. When an electron or photon enters the crystal, its energy is converted into light. The light is channeled by the crystal to photodiodes, producing an electronic signal. 11, 000 crystals, totaling 12 tons in weight, are used in the detector, measuring the energy and position of the incoming particles at very high resolution. The LEP and L- 3 detector were inaugurated on 13 November 1989. Geneva, Switzerland. [1988]
    SWI_SCI_PHY_13_xs.jpg
  • The particle physics collaboration group in the detector pit of the L-3 experiment at CERN's Large Electron-Positron Collider (LEP) ring during its construction in [1988] (Sam Ting bottom left, in trench coat.) The pit now contains detectors that can measure and identify the various electrons, muons and photons that are emitted following collision events. The main part of the detector is the large magnet, contained in a cubic space of 12 meters each side and weighing 7810 tons. The magnet surrounds the particle detectors; the vertex chamber, the electromagnetic calorimeter, the hadron calorimeter and the muon chamber. The LEP ring was inaugurated on 13 November 1989. [1988]
    SWI_SCI_PHY_11_xs.jpg
  • Physics: Scientist checking the sense wires of the muon detector inside the clean room of CERN's L-3 experiment during construction in [1988] The detector consists of 250, 000 beryllium and tungsten wires mounted in 80 chambers. A pair of positive and negative muons may be produced by the collision of an electron and a positron, the wires detect the muons and measure their momentum. The L-3 experiment is part of CERN's Large Electron- Positron Collider (LEP), inaugurated on 13 November 1989. [1988].
    SWI_SCI_PHY_09_xs.jpg
  • Medicine: VA (Veteran's Affairs) Hospital in Long Beach, California - Dr. K.G. Lehmann, surgeon, preparing to perform a cardiac catheterization (diagnostic heart catheterization). The catheter, about the same thickness as a fine fishing line, is passed into a vein in the patient's arm. The catheter is then fed through the blood vessels to the heart. The surgeon keeps track of the catheter's position using an x-ray video camera. A tiny pressure measuring device, micro manometer, is at the end of the catheter, and is used to take blood pressure readings at both sides of a heart valve. This micro sensor device was made using the same technology as is used in the manufacture of silicon 'chips', allowing minute sensors to be built for such invasive diagnostic techniques. MODEL RELEASED (1990).
    USA_SCI_MED_08_xs.jpg
  • Medicine: VA (Veteran's Affairs) Hospital in Long Beach, California - Dr. K.G. Lehmann, surgeon, preparing to perform a cardiac catheterization (diagnostic heart catheterization). The catheter, about the same thickness as a fine fishing line, is passed into a vein in the patient's arm. The catheter is then fed through the blood vessels to the heart. The surgeon keeps track of the catheter's position using an x-ray video camera. A tiny pressure measuring device, a micro manometer, is at the end of the catheter, and is used to take blood pressure readings at both sides of a heart valve. This micro sensor device was made using the same technology as is used in the manufacture of silicon 'chips', allowing minute sensors to be built for such invasive diagnostic techniques. MODEL RELEASED (1990)
    USA_SCI_MED_06_xs.jpg
  • Medicine: VA (Veteran's Affairs) Hospital in Long Beach, California - Dr. K.G. Lehmann, surgeon, preparing to perform a cardiac catheterization. The catheter, about the same thickness as a fine fishing line, is passed into a vein in the patient's arm. The catheter is then fed through the blood vessels to the heart. The surgeon keeps track of the catheter's position using an x-ray video camera. A tiny pressure measuring device, a micro manometer, is at the end of the catheter, and is used to take blood pressure readings at both sides of a heart valve. This micro sensor device was made using the same technology as is used in the manufacture of silicon 'chips', allowing minute sensors to be built for such invasive diagnostic techniques. MODEL RELEASED (1990)
    USA_SCI_MED_05_xs.jpg
  • Failure Analysis Associates, Inc. (an engineering and scientific consulting firm now called Exponent). Menlo Park, California. "Probeye" camera sees & measures thermal radiation: Peter Menzel, self-portrait with camera. MODEL RELEASED
    USA_FLAN_14_xs.jpg
  • Millie Mitra, a vegan, who has a thirst for alternative medicine and homeopathic healing, drinks a glass of urine at her home in Benson Town, Bangalore, India. (Millie Mitra is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.)  She has practiced Shivambu (sometimes spelled Sivambu), which is the drinking of one's own first morning urine (200 cc in her practice) as a curative and preventative measure, for over 15 years. Millie applies urine to her skin as well, for the same reasons. Her husband Abhik has tried Shivambu and she helped her children to practice it when they were young, but currently only Millie practices urine therapy. MODEL RELEASED. .
    IND_081205_195_xw.jpg
  • Millie Mitra (center in red top) eats dinner with her family at her home in Benson Town, Bangalore, India. (Millie Mitra is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.) Millie, a vegan, has a thirst for alternative medicine and homeopathic healing, as well as a deep interest in how her diet affects her body. She has practiced Shivambu (sometimes spelled Sivambu), which is the drinking of one's own first morning urine (200 cc in her practice) as a curative and preventative measure, for over 15 years. Millie applies urine to her skin as well, for the same reasons. Her husband Abhik has tried Shivambu and she helped her children to practice it when they were young, but currently only Millie practices urine therapy.
    IND_081204_064_xw.jpg
  • Millie Mitra (center), an education consultant and homeopathy devotee, enjoys dinner with her family at home in Benson Town, Bangalore, India. (Millie Mitra is featured in the book What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.) Millie's quest for health includes yoga, a vegan diet, a daily glassful and topical applications of her own urine. She has a thirst for alternative medicine and homeopathic healing, as well as a deep interest in how her diet affects her body. She has practiced Shivambu (sometimes spelled Sivambu), which is the drinking of one's own first morning urine (200 cc in her practice) as a curative and preventative measure, for over 15 years. Millie applies urine to her skin as well, for the same reasons. Her husband Abhik has tried Shivambu and she helped her children to practice it when they were young, but currently only Millie practices urine therapy in her family. MODEL RELEASED.
    IND_081204_057_xw.jpg
  • Millie Mitra, an education consultant and homeopathy devotee,  with her typical day's worth of food and a glass of urine at her home in Benson Town, Bangalore, India. (From the book  What I Eat: Around the World in 80 Diets.) The caloric value of her typical day's worth of food in December was 2100 kcals. She is 45 years of age; 5 feet, 1.5 inches tall; and 123 pounds.  Millie's quest for health includes yoga, a vegan diet, and topical applications of her own urine, as well as a daily glassful.  She has practiced Shivambu (sometimes spelled ?Sivambu?), which is the drinking of one's own first morning urine?200 cc in her practice?as a curative and preventative measure, for over 15 years. Millie applies urine to her skin as well, for the same reasons. Her husband Abhik has tried Shivambu and she helped her children to practice it when they were young, but currently only Millie practices urine therapy in her family. MODEL RELEASED.
    IND_081205_171_xxw.jpg
  • Lightning research. Scientists prepare a rocket designed to fly into a thunderstorm and trigger a bolt of lightning. The rocket trails a fine copper wire, providing an easy path for the lightning to reach Earth. This allows the scientists to measure the current, voltage and other parameters of the lightning bolts. To ensure safety, the rocket is launched by blowing through a tube to activate a pneumatic switch. This prevents the operator from making accidental electrical contact with the lightning. Photographed at Mount Baldy, New Mexico USA.
    USA_SCI_RCKT_07_xs.jpg
  • In his UC Berkeley, CA office, astronomer Geoff Marcy is discussing the effects of Einstein's theory of relativity in the measurements of the Doppler shift that allow his team to detect planets.   They make all of their observations from the Earth that moves so fast in its orbit around the Sun that they must include the theory of relativity in their calculations. Exoplanets & Planet Hunters.
    USA_060516_082_rwx.jpg
  • In his UC Berkeley, CA office, astronomer Geoff Marcy is discussing the effects of Einstein's theory of relativity in the measurements of the Doppler shift that allow his team to detect planets.   They make all of their observations from the Earth that moves so fast in its orbit around the Sun that they must include the theory of relativity in their calculations. Exoplanets & Planet Hunters.
    USA_060516_072_rwx.jpg
  • Professor Robert J. Full, in front of a poster of a ghost crab, in his Poly-PEDAL biology lab at UC Berkeley. Full studies animal locomotion on miniaturized treadmills, using hi-speed imaging and force measurements to map out how these creatures actually propel themselves. Cockroaches, crabs, geckos, centipedes have all been studied intently. Full's Poly-PEDAL Lab at UC Berkeley has been working with roboticists for years, supplying them with information on small animal locomotion that is used to construct innovative robots. UC Berkeley, CA, USA.
    Usa_rs_663_xs.jpg
  • To study the flight control behavior of fruit flies, Dickinson and his researchers have come up with something even more bizarre than RoboFly. They have built a virtual reality flight simulator for fruit flies in an upstairs lab. A tiny fly is glued to a probe positioned in an electronic arena of hundreds of flashing LEDs that can also measure its wing motion and flight forces. By altering its wing motion, the fly itself can change the display of the moving electronic panorama, tricking the fly into "thinking" it is really flying through the air. The amplified humming of the fruit fly as it buzzes through its imaginary flight surrounded by computers in the darkened lab is quite bizarre.
    Usa_rs_616_xs.jpg
  • Case Western research biologist James Watson nudges a cockroach onto an insect-sized treadmill, intending to measure the actions of its leg muscles with minute electrodes. To ensure that the roach runs on its course, Watson coaxes it onward with a pair of big tweezers. In the experiment, the electrode readings from the insect's leg are matched to its movements, recorded by a high-speed video camera. Cleveland, OH. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 105.
    USA_rs_322_qxxs.jpg
  • In an oddly ghoulish bit of dental R&D, Waseda University engineers have built a "jaw-robot" from a skull, some electronic circuitry, and an assembly of pulleys, wheels, and cables that act like muscle. Sensors measure the biting action of the jaw and the force of the chewing. Japan. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 173.
    Japan_JAP_rs_41_qxxs.jpg
  • T-28 armor-plated aircraft used to fly through storm clouds to measure particle sizes and cloud electrification. Cape Canaveral (Kennedy Space Center), Florida. (1991).Lightning occurs when a large electrical charge builds up in a cloud, probably due to the friction of water and ice particles. The charge induces an opposite charge on the ground, and a few leader electrons travel to the ground. When one makes contact, there is a huge backflow of energy up the path of the electron. This produces a bright flash of light, and temperatures of up to 30,000 degrees Celsius.
    USA_SCI_LIG_15_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. (the mirrors are NOT focusing the sunlight onto the tower in this photo: the receiver is not glowing hot as it would be if the sunlight were focused on it). Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1982).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_34_xs.jpg
  • Solar energy electrical generating power plant in the Mojave Desert near Barstow, California. Solar One consists of a circular arrangement of 1, 818 mirrors, each measuring 23x23 feet (7x7 meters). These mirrors focus the sunlight onto a huge central receiver, which sits atop a 300-foot (91 meter) tower. The mirrors are computer controlled to track the path of the sun. Water is pumped through the receiver and heated to a temperature of 960 degrees Fahrenheit. The resultant steam runs a turbine, producing 10 megawatts of power for eight hours a day. (1985).
    USA_SCI_ENGY_03_xs.jpg

Peter Menzel Photography

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