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  • Virtual reality: Ralph Hollis, IBM, NY "Feeling" Gold Atoms working with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) (at right) linked to a tele-robotic manipulation system with atomic scale force-feedback. The minute movements of the STM's probe as its traverses the gold sample surface is linked to a force-feedback magic wrist, enabling the scientist, whose hand is in contact with the magic wrist, to feel the texture of the gold atoms. In background is a false-color STM image of the gold surface, revealing the cobbled pattern of individual atoms. The photo was taken at IBM's Thomas Watson Research Centre, Yorktown Heights, New York. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_02_xs.jpg
  • Virtual reality: Ralph Hollis, IBM, NY "Feeling" Gold Atoms working with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) (at right) linked to a tele-robotic manipulation system with atomic scale force-feedback. The minute movements of the STM's probe as its traverses the gold sample surface is linked to a force-feedback magic wrist, enabling the scientist, whose hand is in contact with the magic wrist, to feel the texture of the gold atoms. In background is a false-color STM image of the gold surface, revealing the cobbled pattern of individual atoms. The photo was taken at IBM's Thomas Watson Research Centre, Yorktown Heights, New York. (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_01_xs.jpg
  • Application of virtual reality computer systems in the experimental design of novel drugs (molecular modeling). Russ Taylor docking drug and protein with force feedback robot arm. This system allows chemists to not only see whether two molecules might fit together but allows them to feel how well they do. The force-feedback robot grip lets the chemist rotate a simulated drug and fit it into a protein molecule. The computer calculates electrostatic forces & other parameters concerned with the probability of a reaction occurring & feeds this information back to the robot grip, so the designer may feel how smoothly or otherwise the reaction is proceeding. Photo taken at the University of North Carolina. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_29_xs.jpg
  • Ralph Hollis of IBM at Yorktown Heights, N.Y. demonstrates a tele-nanorobotic manipulation system with atomic scale force feedback. A scanning tunneling microscope that is probing the surface of gold is linked to a force-feedback "magic wrist" which moves as the microscope probe maps out the atomic structure, enabling the user to "feel" the atoms. In the background is a color image of the gold's atomic surface structure. The other two researchers who worked on the system are (Tim).S. Salcudean, and David W. Abraham. Model Released
    USA_SCI_MICRO_05_xs.jpg
  • Delicately handling a pretzel, the robotic hand developed at the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt (German Aerospace Center), in the countryside outside Munich, Germany, demonstrates the power of a control technique called force-feedback. To pick up an object, Max Fischer (in control room), one of the hand's developers, uses the data-glove to transmit the motion of his hand to the robot. If he moves a finger, the robot moves the corresponding finger. Early work on remote-controlled robots foundered when the machines unwittingly crushed the objects they were manipulating. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 134.
    GER_rs_12B_qxxs.jpg
  • The robotic hand developed at the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft und Raumfahrt (German Aerospace Center), in the countryside outside Munich, Germany, demonstrates the power of a control technique called force-feedback. To pick up an object, Max Fischer (in control room), one of the hand's developers, uses the data-glove to transmit the motion of his hand to the robot. If he moves a finger, the robot moves the corresponding finger. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 135.
    GER_rs_13_qxxs.jpg
  • Force-feedback is widely used in data gloves, which send hand movements to grasping machines. The robot hand, which was built by the students in Mark Cutkosky's Stanford lab, transmits the "feel" of the blocks between its pincers, giving operators a sense of how hard they are gripping. Stanford, CA. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 137 bottom.
    USA_rs_474_qxxs.jpg
  • Virtual reality: Margaret Minsky works with a force-feedback joystick being developed in the MIT Media Laboratory. The joystick is designed to give its user a physical impression of features in a computer-generated environment. In this demonstration, the user is invited to feel shapes & textures whilst running a cursor over the various images displayed on the screen, and be able to differentiate between them. Model Released (1990)
    USA_SCI_VR_36_xs.jpg
  • t the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, computer scientist John M. Hollerbach puts a lab staff member on the SARCOS Treadport, a device that mimics the tug and pull of acceleration. Walking on a treadmill, the staffer is surrounded by a projected simulation of a Western mountainside. On a real hill, hikers must struggle with their own inertia to surmount the slope, a sensation no ordinary treadmill can provide. The Treadport uses force-feedback to push or pull at the user, uncannily evoking the sensation of climbing, a new dimension of realism for this type of simulation. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 137 top.
    USA_rs_432_120_qxxs.jpg
  • Seeming to touch the objects on his screen, Peter Berkelman, then a graduate student at the Carnegie Mellon Robotics Institute in Pittsburgh, PA, scoops up virtual blocks with a special device that communicates the sensation of touching them. The device, which has a handle suspended in powerful magnetic fields, can move with all six possible degrees of freedom: up and down, side to side, back and forth, yaw, pitch, and roll. Used with special "haptic" software the device has force-feedback. From the book Robo sapiens: Evolution of a New Species, page 136.
    USA_rs_27A_120_qxxs.jpg

Peter Menzel Photography

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