Mopane worm in its natural environment, eating the leaves of a mopane tree in Botswana. The mopane worm is actually the caterpillar of the anomalous emperor moth (Imbrasia belina), one of the larger moths in the world. "Mopane" refers to the mopane tree, which the caterpillar eats. Dried mopane worms have three times the protein content of beef and can be stored for many months. Image from the book project Man Eating Bugs: The Art and Science of Eating Insects.